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Prophets in Islam ((アラビア語:الأنبياء في الإسلام)) include "messengers" (''rasul'', pl. ''rusul''), bringers of a divine revelation via an angel;〔〔Shaatri, A. I. (2007). Nayl al Rajaa' bisharh' Safinat an'najaa'. Dar Al Minhaj.〕 and "prophets" (''nabī'', pl. ''anbiyāʼ''), lawbringers that Muslims believe were sent by God to every people, bringing God's message in a language they can understand. Belief in prophets is one of the six articles of the Islamic faith, and specifically mentioned in the Quran. In Islamic belief the first prophet was the first human being, Adam (Adem). Many Jewish and Christian prophets and revelations they delivered are mentioned in the Quran as prophets and revelations but usually with different names, (the Jewish Elisha is called Alyasa, Job is Ayyub, Jesus is Isa, etc.; The Torah given to Moses (Musa) is called ''Tawrat'', the Psalms given to David (Dawud) is the ''Zabur'', the Gospel given to Jesus is ''Injil'').〔 Unique to Islam is Muhammad (Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh), who Muslims believe is the "Seal of the Prophets" (''Khatam an-Nabiyyin'', i.e. the last prophet); and the text revealed to him (the Quran), which Muslims believe is unique among divine revelations as the only one protected by God from distortion or corruption,〔''Understanding the Qurán'' - Page xii, Ahmad Hussein Sakr - 2000〕 destined to remain in its true form until the Last Day. In Muslim belief, every prophet preached the same main Islamic beliefs, the Oneness of God, worshipping of that one God, avoidance of idolatry and sin, and the belief in the Day of Resurrection or the Day of Judgement and life after death. Each came to preach Islam at different times in history and some told of the coming of the final prophet and messenger of God, who would be named "Ahmed" commonly known as Muhammad. Each prophet directed a message to a different group of people, and thus would preach Islam in accordance with the times. == Etymology == In Arabic and Hebrew,〔The Hebrew root nun-vet-alef ("navi") is based on the two-letter root nun-vet which denotes hollowness or openness; to receive transcendental wisdom, one must make oneself "open". Cf. Rashbam's comment to 〕 the term ''nabī'' (Arabic plural form:''anbiyāʼ'') means "prophet". Forms of this noun occur 75 times in the Quran. The term ''nubuwwah'' (meaning "prophethood") occurs five times in the Quran. The terms ''rasūl'' (plural: ''rusul'') and ''mursal'' (plural: ''mursalūn'') denote "messenger" or "apostle" and occur more than 300 times. The term for a prophetic "message", ''risālah'' (plural: ''risālāt''), appears in the Quran in ten instances.〔Uri Rubin, "Prophets and Prophethood", ''Encyclopedia of the Qur'an''〕 The Syriac form of ''rasūl Allāh'' (literally: "messenger of God"), ''(unicode:s̲h̲eliḥeh d-allāhā)'', occurs frequently in the apocryphal ''Acts of St. Thomas''. The corresponding verb for ''(unicode:s̲h̲eliḥeh''—''s̲h̲alaḥ)'', occurs in connection with the prophets in the Hebrew Bible.〔, 〕〔A. J. Wensinck, "Rasul", ''Encyclopaedia of Islam''〕 The words "prophet" (Arabic: ) and "messenger" (Arabic: ) appear several times in the Old Testament and the New Testament. The following table shows these words in different languages:〔''Strong's Concordance''〕 In the Hebrew Bible, the word "prophet" (Hebrew: ''navi'') occurs more commonly, and the word "messenger" (Hebrew: ''mal'akh'') refers to angels (Arabic: , Malāīkah), But the last book of the Old Testament, the Book of Malachi, speaks of a messenger that Christian commentators interpret as a reference to the future prophet John the Baptist (Yahya).〔Albert Barnes under and 〕 In the New Testament, however, the word "messenger" becomes more frequent, sometimes in association with the concept of a prophet.〔Hebrews ; John ; Matthew ; Mark ; Ephesians , ; First Epistle to the Corinthians 〕 "Messenger" may refer to Jesus, to his Apostles and to John the Baptist. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prophets and messengers in Islam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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